Usage Information
Abstract
Melioidosis, a neglected tropical infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, commonly presents as pneumonia or sepsis with mortality rates up to 50% despite appropriate treatment. A better understanding of the early host immune response to melioidosis may lead to new therapeutic interventions and prognostication strategies to reduce disease burden. Whole blood transcriptomic signatures in 164 patients with melioidosis and in 70 patients with other infections hospitalized in northeastern Thailand enrolled within 24 hours following hospital admission were studied. Key findings were validated in an independent melioidosis cohort. Melioidosis was characterized by upregulation of interferon (IFN) signaling responses compared with other infections. Mortality in melioidosis was associated with excessive inflammation, enrichment of type 2 immune responses, and a dramatic decrease in T cell–mediated immunity compared with survivors. We identified and independently confirmed a 5-gene predictive set classifying fatal melioidosis (validation cohort area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.83; 95% CI, 0.67–0.99). This study highlights the intricate balance between innate and adaptive immunity during fatal melioidosis and can inform future precision medicine strategies for targeted therapies and prognostication in this severe infection.
Authors
Patpong Rongkard, Lu Xia, Barbara Kronsteiner, Thatcha Yimthin, Rungnapa Phunpang, Adul Dulsuk, Viriya Hantrakun, Gumphol Wongsuvan, Parinya Chamnan, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Emanuele Marchi, Nicholas P.J. Day, Ali Shojaie, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Narisara Chantratita, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J. Dunachie, T. Eoin West, Sina A. Gharib
Usage data is cumulative from July 2025 through July 2026.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 1,716 | 148 |
| 244 | 28 | |
| Figure | 558 | 0 |
| Table | 207 | 0 |
| Supplemental data | 253 | 9 |
| Citation downloads | 284 | 0 |
| Totals | 3,262 | 185 |
| Total Views | 3,447 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
